Grade 8B
Discuss to what extent non-wage factors are likely to be more important than wage factors in influencing a woman’s choice of occupation.
Time Duration for submitting the Article is
August 25th to September 1st, 2013
Write your answer here in 500 Words.
For rubrics please check in
'Food for thought column on my bog under title Rubrics'
Although the gap between women and men’s wages has narrowed substantially since the signing of the Equal Pay Act in 1963, there still exists a significant wage gap that cannot be explained by differences between male and female workers in labour market experience and in the characteristics of jobs they hold.
ReplyDeleteAfter hovering at about 60 percent since the mid-1950s, the ratio of women's to men's median pay began to rise in the late 1970s and reached about 70 percent by 1990. The gender pay ratio is currently on the rise again, surpassing 75 percent in 1997.
The gender gap has narrowed faster among younger women and among married women with children. The data that permit disaggregation by demographic groups show the overall gender pay ratio rising from 57 percent in 1969 to 68 percent in 1996 (the last year for which these data are available). In contrast, among women under 40, the gender pay ratio rose from 58 percent in 1969 to 74 percent in 1996. Among married women with children, the gender pay ratio (relative to all male workers) rose from 53 percent in 1969 to 68 percent in 1996. Relative to all male workers, wage gains have been faster for non-Hispanic black and non-Hispanic white women than for Hispanic women.
The most recent detailed longitudinal study found that in the late 1980s about one-third of the gender pay gap was explained by differences in the skills and experience that women bring to the labour market and about 28 percent was due to differences in industry, occupation, and union status among men and women. Accounting for these differences raised the female/male pay ratio in the late 1980s from about 72 percent to about 88 percent, leaving around 12 percent as an "unexplained" difference.
Over the last twenty years, increases in women’s accumulated labour market experience and their movement into higher-paying occupations have played a major role in increasing women’s wages relative to men’s. Changes in family status, in industry structure and in unionization also worked to narrow the gender pay gap, while increasing economic benefits from skills and increasing wage inequality would have, by themselves, widened the pay gap. In addition, the decrease in the pay gap that remains "unexplained" after controlling for measured differences between men and women has been a large contributor to the narrowing of the pay gap.
The evidence is that labour market discrimination against women persists, although it is difficult to determine precisely how much of the difference in female/male pay is due to discrimination and how much is due to differences in choices or preferences between women and men. One indirect and rough measure of the extent of discrimination remaining in the labour market is the "unexplained" difference in pay. Some studies have tried to measure discrimination directly by looking at pay differences among men and women in very similar jobs or by comparing pay to specific measures of productivity. These studies consistently find evidence of on going discrimination in the labour market and support the conclusion that women still face differential treatment on the job.
Actually, woman decides to work because of several things. Some of them are economic difficulties, the amount of family member, hobby, and satisfaction. Because of this, now days, many woman help their husband with working, with part-time or full-time working. Several things that become consideration to woman are distance from home to work place: taking care of their children, kind of job, hours of job, number of holidays, and part-time or full time job. There are also difference wages in gender. Much of the difference in earning because: there are difference in the occupational distribution of man and woman. More woman tend to work in occupations such as: teaching, nursing, and retailing than man. Market wage rate for this occupation are often below many those for many other occupation. Woman also takes careers breaks to raise children, and therefore may build up less work experience than males. More woman work part-time than full-time compare to man.
ReplyDeleteThe non-wages factor is more important to woman on choosing occupation. This is caused the orientation of woman is not searching for salary, but they put family first then jobs. They only work to help the family financial. So, their focus is only to help the finance of the family and to take care and raise their children. Things that influence woman to choose a job are
• First, distance from home to work place: for woman that already have a family, is becoming important. They don’t want to get jobs that are located far away from their house. They also didn’t want to get jobs that always needed travel, because woman is still in responsible to take care of their children and husband.
For woman, the togetherness of a family is everything. The family needs a mother figure. This factor needs to be awakened by all mother and wife. So, in my opinion, it is better if a woman chooses jobs that is located not so for from their living place.
• Hours of work: for single ladies, this factor is not affecting too much. Usually, ladies didn’t mind to work in a long period of time. But, there are some families ban their daughters to get home from work late. For woman that is already having a family, hours of work DO affect their decisions on choosing their occupation. A long period of time working makes woman didn’t have much time for their children and their family. This will be a problem for the family in later days, some examples that will occurs is that, their children will be naughty because they are rarely taught by their mom (like as we know, mother is a important figure).
• Part-time or full time working: many women choose part time working. They work on the mornings so in the evening she could gather together with her family. Or, working in the evening, and still can be together with her family in the morning. A part time job didn’t need much specialization and time of working. This makes woman can earn money and also can taking care of their children.
But also, wages factor is also influencing some woman, this is may be cause: her husband couldn’t or didn’t work, the family is needs money eagerly, and maybe she is a single parent (no husband). So, in this case, wages is more important then non-wages factor for woman.
So, in conclusion, non wages factor is very influencing to woman, because they will think about their children, how to teach and to take care of their children, to taking care of their home, and becoming a good mom and a good wife. But, in several occasion, woman is considering the wages factor. Usually, these women are focusing how to earn money more, they didn’t really think about the togetherness of their family. The non wages factor that is influencing the woman are: hours of work, distance from their home to their work place, and choosing between part time working or full working.
Celine Kusnadi 8B
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ReplyDeleteThis comment has been removed by the author.
ReplyDeleteWomen are usually choosing a job that have a higher non wage factor rather than the wages factor . Usually woman doesn’t want a money but they want a service . They also more likely to choosing a job that’s interesting and doesn’t make them stressful. But there are also other woman that against this . They are likely to choosing more wages factor rather than the non wages factor .
ReplyDeleteWoman are choosing to have a non wage factor . This are some example of the non wage factor that might be the cause why woman are choosing it and why woman are likely to choose it.
1. Women are always want to have a good service rather than the wages . This service include a free transportation that can bring them to everywhere , a free driver , etc . So the woman doesn’t need to be confused who will pick them up later . Because some women doesn’t know how to drive .
2. Woman also want a good fringe benefit . Like free medical insurance , pension , longer holiday , etc . This fringe benefit are already provided by the company . So they don’t need to be confused to provide their self the insurance . They also can get the longer holiday . This holiday can be used for them to relax . Because women are sometimes hard to be given a task if they are in a stress full condition .
3. Women will be likely to choose a job that are interesting rather than the one that have a high wages . Sometimes woman doesn’t care about the wages . They only care about the type of the job . Is it easy or hard ? is it attractive? Like example the nursing . All people know that this job doesn’t give a lot of money but there are still many people want to choose this job because they are interesting .
Woman are choosing to have a non wage factor because it’s the woman behavior that always want a good service . Some woman doesn’t care if they get a low wage s. But all they want is the fringe benefit and services. Usually a woman that are choosing this is the one who still young . They don’t care about the wages , they only care about the happiness that they are get . Because they don’t have any family yet . So they don’t have anyone that needs to be paid.
There also some woman that doesn’t care about the non wage factor , they only care about the money . This happen because
1. Maybe they’re already have a family . So they need some money to fulfill their needs and wants . If they choose to have the non wage factor , maybe their family cant get their needs .
2. That woman maybe need money to pay something . Like example a woman that are in university . They are doing the part time job so that they can get some money . That money will be used for them to paid the university . If they choose the non wage factor , they maybe cant continue the university .
So , in conclusion there are not always a people that only want a non wage factor. There also people that want a wages factor . Factors that affecting this are usually because of the age . people that are getting older and have married are usually choosing the wages factor . Because they need to fulfill their family need s and their responsible is also higher than a younger people .
The average earning of man usually exceeds those of woman the world over, because usually women picks a job by thinking of the non-wage factors. Examples of woman occupation are nursing, teaching, sewer, baker and other part-time jobs. Those occupations results in low wages, but its not always like that.More women are joining the labor force and entering paid employment because woman are sharing family responsibilities with her husband. Nowadays emancipation of women are much talked about and done, so when a woman tries to find a job they will not have any troubles to get the job. In fact there are some jobs that are most suitable for women like teaching, baby sitter, waitress, nursing and etc. Usually women prioritize non-wage factors more than wage factors when choosing an occupation.
ReplyDeleteSome reasons of why women prioritize non wage factors:
1. Women often take career breaks to raise children
So normally women pick a job that doesn't take a lot of time ( less hours of work). Other factors are the distance from home to the work place sometimes becomes a consideration for the woman, most women pick an office that is in one city and not far, They think that if something happens to their family they can directly come and assist them.
2. Tradition and safety for women
Most parents don’t let their daughters to get a job that is far away from home or always comes home late. Especially the traditions in Indonesia still support the idea of women staying in home and take care of the family instead of getting a job. After finishing school many women directly gets married, so that when they work they don’t care about the wage they only care about the job satisfaction and their own happiness. Parents also ban their daughters to work in a difficult job like mining. We know that difficult jobs results in high wages and parents don’t let their daughters to work with difficult circumstances. This shows that for women it doesn't matter about the wages.
Not all women think about non-wage factors, a lot of women also think about the wage factors. The reason is that maybe the woman is a single parent so she has to take care of her children, or maybe their husbands don’t work and so the women have to work for the family. As for career women wages is very important, not only wages but also the position in a company.
Some non-wage factors that effect women to choose an occupation are hours of work, holidays, their task, distance from home, jobs that does not require travelling.. Part-time jobs are also a choice for women to support the family.
The conclusion is that wage factors is not as important as non-wage factors especially for women because they have a family to support and they only find jobs that are suitable for them and makes them happy. Women also find jobs which they can get some money and after they get home fro work they can also hang out with their family. And a kind of job that is not too difficult and safe for them this becomes the most important factor in picking a job for women.
Years ago, woman are not allowed to do work and even to study, man thought that woman’s job is to cook, tidy the house, serve their hubs and so on. Now days woman start to work in offices, just like the men. The government has made a regulation that discrimination is not allowed. Woman help their family and hubby by working, so the hubby won’t work alone and all of the family expenses are depended to the head of the family. Since now there’s a lot of family with economic difficulties, both of the parents must work and earn money to purchase their needs and wants. But not all woman work because of money, they work because they want to, example is because the job is related with their hobby and satisfaction. The jobs woman tends to work is different than men’s. for the average, men’s earnings are more than woman’s.
ReplyDeleteSince woman need to take some day off: pregnancy, giving birth, taking care of the children. Even some woman quit their job, even though its really successful, for taking care of their children. They don’t have a lot of time for work like men and most of their jobs are low-wages.
Most of parents, don’t want their daughters to be far away from home and take care of her family more, becoming a house wife. Most of girls get married when they just finished school, get married in a very young age. And there’s more percentage that she will have more children, and take care of them until she has no time to do work. They prefer to do house work rather than jobs and think that their source of money is the hubby. And parents don’t want their daughter to stay up late because of work, they also don’t want their daughters to get stressed and ill because of too much working, this encourage woman to don’t work and become a house wife. But not all women prefer to be a house wife.
The distance travelled to get to the work place matters too. Working at a place which is located very far from home encourage woman to don’t go to work.
Every woman loves fringe benefits, actually men too but men focus more on wages and not woman, they focus on the fringe benefits the firms gave them, but most of the girl that choose this kind of job, they’re young and haven’t get married yet, they don’t have anyone to take care of so they don’t really care about being paid by low wages. But not for the older ladies who have families, they need to feed their kids and hubbies.
So it come to conclusion that not all woman work because of wage factor, but there’re also woman who work for wage factor. Factors that affecting this kind of decision are age, the family’ economic condition and their own behavior. The woman whos younger will choose a job woth her own hobby and nterest, doesn’t care about the wage paid, but for the older one, they need to feed their family and that make her to work with a job with high wage.
Thania vireta,8b
A wage factor to determine an occupation is a reason that a person would accept that is related to the amount of salary or wage the occupation gives. While, a non wage factor are reasons why someone would apply for an occupation that isn’t related to the amount of salary or wage that is given to the worker.
ReplyDeleteA woman would choose a non wage factor to pick an occupation because of these specific factors would most likely matter more to the woman than the wage of the occupation given to her. Examples of these reasons and why would they be an actual factor.
Fringe benefits:
Fringe benefits or perks play an important role in factors that affect woman decisions in deciding an occupation. If an occupation lacks a specific fringe benefit that woman would need, she would most likely to not apply for that job. For example groups of woman that are planning to be pregnant in their working years will most likely to not apply for a job that wouldn’t have a break for pregnancy needs. The other example would be insurances, this would affect both woman and man in deciding jobs, how this would effect a women’s decision on determining a job is that if a job would have insurances for its workers people would consider that job as a job they would take.
Trying something new:
People in this case woman will one day be tired and bored of their current job and would most probably try a low paying occupation in order to find newer things she will be interested in. Most of the time being bored with your current occupation will be a reason heavy enough to outweigh the need to be paid greatly in a job. Because most of the time, people would like some type variety in their life.
The needs to be close to family members:
A woman would most likely prefer to be close to her family members when trying to pick an occupation to take. This reason would most likely be if not the most, one of the most important things why a woman wouldn’t pick amount of wage a job gives to the worker. This happens less to men because most men would try to be take the risk of being far from families in order to support them. Though women who actually this reason aren’t much, because of two major things. The first would be that more women are being more independent and would take risks. These days there are newer, easier, better ways of communication that are invented, this means people could be very far from each other without being close to each other.
Though sometimes, a woman might choose a wage factor because of personal needs. For example a woman would choose a high wage job in order to support her family. This factor is partly due to the fact that she cares about her family, this factor is both wage and non wage.
In conclusion, a woman would prefer go with non wage factors than wage factors though this is not always the case as everyone approaches situations like this differently.
Ivan Didik Abadi Wutama
These days the quantity of workingwomen has increased steadily. Whether in developing countries or developed countries we can see similar phenomenon. If we go back to ancient era, women working role are more to nursing the children, cooking, weaving and take care the cattle or any animals they have. As time passed by, women tend to increase their role and help to provide income to the family, by selling the eggs or dairy products that their animals produced, then selling their weaving products (scarf, blanket, dress etc.). They also start planting and picking up the fruits or vegetables and sell it. When modernization came, working woman's role is inevitable.
ReplyDeleteThe reasons can be varied: the most common one would be to help support the family (be it with husband n children, or just with children /single parents, or living single or still with parents whom no longer working). These days when living cost are considerably high, it won't b enough if we just rely on 1 single provider in the house (namely the husband) in order to live decently and attain some saving for the future. Other reason could be in the name of self-actualization. Women these days, with high education, prefer to actualize their education and experience to gain wider perspective and to feel useful about them. In modern countries, the role of taking care the children can be handed over to the nannies or governess. Although there are many pros and cons about the above statement, it is indeed the actual event that we see in every day life.
On the other hand, not every woman is working or willing to work. It also derived from many reasons such as staying at home to take care of the kids. This is one of the most major reasons why women don’t work. They’d rather spend more time with their kids and take care of their house. Aside from that, their age might be a factor that they might have to consider especially if their age is already past the maximum age limit for working. Another reason would be because of maternity leave. Research have showed that up to 50.000 women a year can’t return to their jobs after maternity leave. Data analyzed by the House of Commons library found that
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ReplyDelete14% of the 340,000 women who take maternity leave each year find their jobs under threat when they try to return, with some told that they cannot continue in their role part-time. Why? Research says that they are forced out of their jobs because of discrimination by their employers, forced into positions with less responsibility and find it harder to get a promotion, while others are effectively constructively dismissed.
ReplyDeleteWomen who work are more likely to take non-wage factors into consideration than wage factors merely because they don’t always work for the money that they get in exchange. Usually the main reason women work is so that they could provide the family with a second income, especially if they have a big family. These type of women would pay more attention to the working hours that they have to endure during the day, then they must balance it with the amount of time they spend with their family in order to have a perfectly balance life as a mother and as a working woman. Job satisfaction is also a continuously used reason for why women work. When someone loves or is passionate about something they would want to do it as much as possible. Same as working, if their job is something they love to do, they’ll devote most of their time and energy into this particular activity. Whether it’s painting, singing, drawing, dancing, etc. Most women also pay more attention to the working environment, if the colleagues discriminate them especially if the women herself have different skin color, religion, gender or race, etc.
In conclusion, there are various reasons why workingwomen take non-wage factors in consideration more than wage factors. These are just some of those reasons. However, now we know that the major reason women are considering non-wage factors more than wage factors is so that she could to balance her career along with the quality time she spends with her family.
Charlene 8B
Overall women are usually choosing to find a job or work at the non wages factor, BUT there are also women that instead of work at the non wages factor they rather to choose the job that can get a high wages. There are some reasons for the women that choose the non wages factor and the women that choose a high wages factor.
ReplyDeleteThere are some reason that women choose to work at the non wages factor rather than work that can get a high wages :
1. The women has already a family, so the women will think that the one who work and earn money or wages for the family is the husband. Maybe the women just think that she just work the easy job and don’t think about the wages, she just want to help the husband so he doesn’t work to hard for the family.
2. Many women think that she just work in the non wages factor and no need to work that get a high wages because the women just think about the advantage to work at that company / business. Example the advantage of working at the company / business is they can get a free a boarding house, free transportation to the place they work or we can say it as a fringe benefit.
3. Some women think that they useless to work to get a high wages factor because some of them think that they will only paid by 80% of man wages so they can get a higher wages than man, so they think they only want to work that are non wages factor.
4. Some of the women don’t like to work at a hard job, some of them are just to think to work at a easy job, example like customer service, it is an easy job and of course the wages they earn is also low. So if the work is easy usually the wages are also low.
There are not always that women rather choose the non wages factors rather than the wages factor, some of them are also choosing the wages factor rather than the non wages factor, here are some of the reason :
1. Some of the women usually most of them are addicted to shopping, they do it all because they want to fashion and sure that the things they buy is not cheap. So they need to work at the wages factor to fulfill their needs and wants such as the shopping, etc.
2. They are no married yet so there is no person that can help to pay about their life , so the women need to work hard to provide a house or maybe a boarding house, food to eat, shirt to use, etc.
3. Some women are working hard to earn high wages because they will collected the money they have earn while they are in the young age, and when they are at the old age they sure will pension and they will not earn wages anymore, so they just need to sit and enjoy because at the young age they already collect so many money and it is enough for their old age.
So at the end the conclusion is more women will choose to work at the non wages factor rather than to work at the wages factor because for the married women they have their husband that work and earn money for their life and their family needs and wants such as the house, foods, shirt, etc.
Factor is a thing that we consider to choose a job. There are 2 types of factor that is the wages factor and non-wages factor. The example of the non-wages factor are difficulty of job, type of job, eligibility, rules and regulation, time of work, education, fringe benefits, location of job, facilities such as transport facilities, holiday, etc.
ReplyDeleteWhile it has a steady job, no less a person was ' diligent ' send applications to other places. His motives are varied, there are who want to improve well-being, not like work now, or want to develop a career higher.
Salary
Money is not necessarily able to make their love work, but it can not be denied money was the important thing. To live, to meet the needs, and designing the future, they would need a certain amount of money. If the job is their dream, it could be money is not the main consideration.
In addition to salary, do not forget to pay attention to other compensation such as vacation pay, employee facilities, benefits, and insurance. Whenever possible select companies that also provide health insurance facilities and other facilities for the welfare of the family.
Office environment
All companies have a different atmosphere associated with its identity. They can be one day like to work in a company that the atmosphere is relaxed, colorful office interior, and has a nice facility for employees. But not necessarily they are not comfortable working in an office setting with a formal atmosphere, formal wear, as well as a luxurious building. Office environment can be a consideration, but not including the paramount consideration.
Corporate culture
Corporate culture is the values, attitudes, goals, and activities together that reflects the character of the company. Well, this important factor when deciding to accept a job. If they type of player that ' clean ' while the new company they type that justifies any means, maybe they are not fit to work in such places. Learn more about corporate culture that they offered the job. They can find out through people who work there, the internet, or by visiting the office.
Distance with Housing
This factor is also important because this will determine the level of stress and wellness they. Not to mention the cost and time that must be spent when to work. Does not mean they can not work far from where they live.
Long journey, traffic, and exhausting, they easily could make stress and lead to various diseases. Notice also how the cost spent to get to work. If the distance factor does not favor but they really want the occupation, there is no harm in trying to find alternative accommodation closer to budget accordingly.
Bosses and Coworkers
If they are not the first to work with the boss or the job, there must be a way to find out what the daily work environment in the office those candidates. We recommend that before deciding to accept a job, it's good they find out what the attitude of the prospective employer and what kind of attitude they generally working there.
Self Improvement
They also need to explore further whether there are opportunities for career enhancement, training, or education programs that benefit the development of insight and personality.
In essence, the factors above when viewed individually may be some who are not too important. But if these factors they see as the pieces are arranged into a whole they will be able to get an idea of what kind of working conditions in the new place they later. Do not be afraid to make a decision, keep in mind as well , a good opportunity usually does not come many times .
Richard Sanders - 8B
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ReplyDeleteI can't upload it, so I'll send my work to Mr.Bipin email, thx
DeleteSo I will make it into several parts
DeletePART I
ReplyDeleteSome women have their own factors to choose their job aside from money or wages. Before we discuss the extent, we shall first identify what the non-wage factors and the wage factors are.
It is clear for all of us that the wage factors include:
- The wage it self
- Working Facilities Provided
- The Fringe or Extra Benefits
So apart from wage, women may also choose a job that have working facilities and fringe benefits that make them satisfied with. The example working facilities for them are Personal Desktop, Office Email, Wi-Fi Connection, etc. Also with fringe benefits for them such
as Having a tour together per half-yearly, get free workers motivation seminar, books and cd, etc.
On the other hand, non-wage factors that usually being chose by women are for example:
1)Working Environment
A woman is famous with her hygiene and tidiness priority, she usually want to work at a workplace that is clean and organized.
2)Safety and Health
A woman usually find and search for job that is safe and no negative effects for their health, she does n’t want any factors that may make them in danger and have health problems, such as in Oil Refining, Heavy Industry Factory, etc.
3)Family-Related Factor
A woman usually want to be always near her family, and does n’t want to be far away from her kids. So, because of that factor they will find job near home or not outside the city.
4)Relationship
A woman usually always want to have more and more group work mate community than a man. They want to have many comfortable work mates.
5)Learning Opportunity
There are also woman that want to find new skill, experience and knowledge rather than searching for high salary paid job. The job may be are as Seminar Team member, NASA Astronomy, Bio-Tech laboratory Team, and many interesting other.
6)Transportation to work place
Some women also famous with their efficiency, always looking for cheap things, not to be royal and have luxury spending. Also in choosing occupation, they will find job that is near their home, so won’t spend or don’t spend any transportation fee.
7)Pride to join certain famous institution
Some women also famous with their pride request. They want to be known by many people or to be famous. They will easily get valuable pride by request to a famous institution labor. For example by requesting at Apple Software Inc. To be as Manager or Supervisor, or at Microsoft System Inc.
8)Passion in certain field of job
There are also women that make of their passion in the top priority in looking for new occupation. For example a woman that have passion in bag and shoes leather, so they will request a Supervisor or Product Manager at Louis Vuiton.
9)Social Motivation
This type of women usually work at a Charity Foundation. They want to dedicate themselves for social work as volunteer., such as at remote area, medical treatment for small poor village, etc.
10)Many other subjective factors
This factor depends on each individual factor, or certain/ specific reason, such as being introduced by friend, has a specific past tradegy, etc.
PART II
ReplyDeleteHowever women also make wages or salary paid is the most top important factor in choosing for a job or occupation, such as even though have different of small amount of salary paid(ex: difference in $50) in their previous job with the new one, they will directly move to that new job.
A woman's decision in choosing an occupation which is mainly influenced by wage factors may derive from:
- Long term inferior economical background or long term experience of poverty so they want to be richer or having better economical background by looking for high paid salary job.
- Family culture that emphasize material factor as main concern, such as have to find a job based on some criteria(ex: salary paid).
- Have a or some certain planning that require some amount of money (for example: planning to buy a house, a car or other investment).
- Family condition that requires money to support, for example: badly-sick child that needs huge amount of money for health care
- And many others.
Besides the wage factors, non-wage factors may have stronger influence in a woman's decision for her occupation, in certain conditions for example:
- Current good economic condition. In this condition, a person may put aside money factor, since she has sufficient wealth to support her life
- Psychological and emotional reasons(ex: Make kids are the most important of anything, or work mates community is the top priority, etc.)
In accordance with many surveys, naturally women are known as more emotional than men in general, while men are said to be more logical. This point is very important as a key to understand the above stated extent. So women also pay attention with any details in choosing for their job than a men that looking for a job based on logical, such as salary paid, their abilities and skills, etc.
In these days, women now also need to work to fulfill the needs and wants of the family. So now they’re working even though before, they’re not allowed to work, they just need to do house works, cleaning the house, cook, etc. This time, we will discuss about non-wage factors are likely to be more important than wage factors in influencing a woman’s choice of occupation.
ReplyDeleteWomen choose the occupation because of extra benefits besides fringe benefits and wages. For example, new friends, info about work, etc. Women need friends to do some regular social gathering, chit-chat, and stuff. Info about work also important for women because by knowing the job, they can know the benefits and non-benefits of the job. Work time is also important in choosing women’s job, because if the job’s work time is long, they can’t take care for the family, they can’t cook for the family, they can’t clean for the family, they can’t iron shirts, etc. Also in some firms, women had gender pay gap discrimination with men because in some firm owner point of view, men are more productive than men because men might work harder than women making them might more productive than women, so firms thought that to be fair, men should be paid more than women. Sometimes this is not true, so women will choose the job with less gender pay gap discrimination or without gender pay gap discrimination. Another reason is because distance from home to firm location. If the firm’s location’s too long then women can’t go home early, more expensive cost to go and forth the office etc. If the cost is expensive, the amount of salary will decrease and later it won’t be enough to support the family. Next, fringe benefits of the firms, some firms give extra benefits like, for example, free travel cost, free company vehicles, free work insurance, etc. Sometimes, fringe benefits value more than salary itself. Women usually choose the job with more fringe benefits because they’re more needed than the salary she get. So several women will choose fringe benefits more than salary. Next, will she travel on work, what I mean is that some jobs might lead to the labour moving to another branch in other places, which makes women can’t take care of their family, so women will choose the job, which doesn’t make her move to another branch. Normally, women will also decide also between her skills and abilities, some women also specialized in several jobs, so they choose job according to their specialization. Women also decided to choose their job also depends on
In these days, women now also need to work to fulfill the needs and wants of the family. So now they’re working even though before, they’re not allowed to work, they just need to do house works, cleaning the house, cook, etc. This time, we will discuss about non-wage factors are likely to be more important than wage factors in influencing a woman’s choice of occupation.
ReplyDeleteWomen choose the occupation because of extra benefits besides fringe benefits and wages. For example, new friends, info about work, etc. Women need friends to do some regular social gathering, chit-chat, and stuff. Info about work also important for women because by knowing the job, they can know the benefits and non-benefits of the job. Work time is also important in choosing women’s job, because if the job’s work time is long, they can’t take care for the family, they can’t cook for the family, they can’t clean for the family, they can’t iron shirts, etc. Also in some firms, women had gender pay gap discrimination with men because in some firm owner point of view, men are more productive than men because men might work harder than women making them might more productive than women, so firms thought that to be fair, men should be paid more than women. Sometimes this is not true, so women will choose the job with less gender pay gap discrimination or without gender pay gap discrimination. Another reason is because distance from home to firm location. If the firm’s location’s too long then women can’t go home early, more expensive cost to go and forth the office etc. If the cost is expensive, the amount of salary will decrease and later it won’t be enough to support the family. Next, fringe benefits of the firms, some firms give extra benefits like, for example, free travel cost, free company vehicles, free work insurance, etc. Sometimes, fringe benefits value more than salary itself. Women usually choose the job with more fringe benefits because they’re more needed than the salary she get. So several women will choose fringe benefits more than salary. Next, will she travel on work, what I mean is that some jobs might lead to the labour moving to another branch in other places, which makes women can’t take care of their family, so women will choose the job, which doesn’t make her move to another branch. Normally, women will also decide also between her skills and abilities, some women also specialized in several jobs, so they choose job according to their specialization. Women also decided to choose their job also depends on
Women and men’s reason for choosing a job differs. The average earnings of men usually exceed those of women the world over. For example in the UK in 2006 women’s hourly earnings were on average 12.6 percent below those of men. Much of the difference in payment can be explained by the following factors:
ReplyDelete1. Differences in the occupational distribution of men and women. More women tend to work in occupations such as teaching, nursing, and retailing than men. These occupations often receive relatively lower pay. Whenever these occupations often offer low payment, women usually choose these occupations because it can be said that these occupations are need patience and is suitable for females. Why is it so? Because women are known for their patience. To teach a kid, we would need a low temper teacher. To heal people, we need a gentle nurse that will take care the patient.
2. Women often take career breaks to raise children, and therefore may build up less work experience than males and have less career progression. And because they need to raise their children, they would want to have an easier job to handle.
3. More women work part-time than full time compared to men. Women’s priority job is to raise their children and to take care of them. So most women will have a part-time job compared to full-time job. They can’t be a mom and also a worker at the same time. Therefore, they need to manage their time and choose a part-time job.
Aside from those reasons, they can also choose their job according to their hobbies, abilities and talents. They will also look for the fringe benefits that they will receive if they have that occupation. Whenever women are known to love money more than men, but most of them will choose the occupation according to what they like. Aside from being known to love money, women are also known to do things according to heart and feelings, while men do things according to logic. That is why most women will choose their own occupation according to what they think is right. Women and men also have different taste. Women like knitting, men don’t. Women and men also have different physics. Women are usually weaker than men. That is why some sports such are boxing are usually for men. Those are the factors that affect women’s occupational choice. However, the pay gap between men and women has declined during the past two decades in most developed countries. This change reflects more women joining the labor force and going out to work, changes in attitudes in society towards women working and men sharing family responsibilities more, and the introduction of equal pay laws.
Nowadays, it is not uncommon for women to get jobs. Unlike the early years, in the present, women have the same opportunities as well as rights to work side by side with men. It is even possible for women to get better positions than men.
ReplyDeleteThere are many factors that causing the women from families to get to work. It is not only economic or wages issues.
Some of the factors in deciding occupations that they are taking are first, their willingness to get socialized in outside world. This is because in doing the same routines each day for just taking care of the families may actually be boring and stressfull. They do not get to know the outside world or to be updated to the development today. They might not even get more friends if they just stay home but things will be different if they work. They will be socialized as they will surely meet more people. By meeting more people they will be able to get informations that they need and want, they will also learn to adapt and be friends with the people they meet in their daily lives.
Second factor is that in the present times there are actually more available choices of occupations that is more suitable for females, such as, fashion designers, models, female magazine's editors and many more. These jobs actually requires the sensitivity as well as feminine nature that women have and not available in men. For examples in countries like France and America, fashion is one of the biggest business and interest for the people. This fashion world actually requires more women than men to improve and create a glamorous and outstanding results such as to become the catwalk models, the designers as well as the make up artists. The other types of jobs that is more suitable for women are nurses and teachers as the motherly nature that is found women is needed for a person to do the tasks in the job.
Third factor is the space that allows women to express their skills, feeling as well as creativity. This is for example artists. They who work as artists can actually show their feelings or creativity through their work like pieces of art drawings, dances and many more. These jobs actually provide satisfaction for females as they can express their emotions, make money as well as improving their ability and knowledge.
Fourth is their hobbies. As wages might not be a peiority concern for women to get jobs, they tend to choose to work on something that they like or suit their hobbies. This allow them to feel challanged as well as giving them chances to improve their qualities. As we know that if people work on a line that they like, they will certainly enjoy and develop even when they face problems on their ways. This is why occupations that suits their hobbies will be the priority for women. These jobs are for examples designers and atheletes. Nowadays there are many female athletes, they are actually giving women the same chances as men in sports. That is why we can actually see now there is female basketball matches, and also other sports branches.
vincent cia
8B
When choosing a job, there are factors to be considered first. Wage factors are to be considered, as they are factors revolving wages, like, wages decreased or increased. Non-wage factors are factors the does not involve wages, like fringe benefits, working environment, etc.
ReplyDeleteRight now, in the modern era, not only men but, women are also working in order to satisfy their needs and wants but also sometimes, to support their family. Married women now days, tend to stay at home, cleaning, giving their husband a nice and loving house to live in and tend to be more into their family rather than their work resulting less wages or totally quit work and focus more on their family. A married woman would of course desire a child, while, birth child is a long process (9 months) but it ends after the baby’s born but motherhood takes a longer time, it would take more than 10 years.
In the older days, women are not allowed to go to work, they are to stay at home and provide a clean, healthy house for their husband to live in, but now days, women are allowed to work beside men, women are getting more involved in the working world.
But, discrimination towards gender is still in the around, women are generally paid less then men. Not only gender discrimination (sexism), also other kinds of discrimination, for example, ageism, racism and religious discrimination.
The government sets rules in order to protect women from discrimination, a woman would work for the government rather than high-paying companies for protection.
Working environment, a woman would prefer a proper looking environment to work in rather than improper environment, they would rather see a clean and tidy environment rather a dirty and smelly environment, it gives them some kind of comfort.
Hobby/passion, a woman is found to be quite adventurous, they also compete with man in the sports area, travelling like them also. A woman also has an artistic side of them, also like man, some would choose a low-paying job rather than high-paying jobs but not doing what they love.
But against the statement above, women are also influenced by wage factors, a person would need money in order to survive as they help them satisfy our need and wants by choosing a high-paying job, their chances of satisfaction and survival are higher. Career-orientated women are especially attracted to high position job offering because people would look up to her and also it gives high wages, a career orientated women would stay focus rather than settling down and have children because most of them are independent and had worked hard in order to each their goal/position.
So, in conclusion when choosing a job, non-wages factors would be more influencing than wage factors to a women because a woman would like to feel protected against discrimination, a safe and healthy environment would boost her moods and work happily. Both male and female gender are actually the same, they work hard in order to survive in this world.
Grace-8B
What non wage factors will a women choose for a occupation , so for woman choosing a occupation is hard since they must find the job that really suits them and there are ,any factors that influence it
ReplyDeleteFirstly is the time of work for works that need a lot of work hours women will rather choose the one worth less work hours since they also need to take care of their children or parents while men don't and because working a lot can affect the woman health that's why woman rather choose a job that require less time because they are not as fit and strong as man.
Second is about the type of job woman are not allowed to do risky or hard job by their husband or parents because their fitness is not as big as men so rather than mining woman usually choose working in a office because it's safer
Third is about the racism to gender woman will choose the place where she can earn proper and same as the level earnings of men doing the same job without extra works
Fourth is about the working environment,woman will chose a proper working environment which is usually a clean environment and woman usually choose a job that have a lot of her friends so she can socialize and don't get bored when working
Fifth is fringe benefit usually woman are good at asking people to make bank account or assurance so they rather choose a job that have fringe benefit so that they can earn more so they can be more happy and motivated doing the job.
Sixth is the distance from work since usually woman have a family like parents or husband and children they must arrive home on time or their parents will be worried about them thats why woman choose near work distance so their patents or husband can accompany them so they could feel safer while if the distance from work is far it can be dangerous and and tiring since the distance not to mention deduction on payments if she is late.
Seven is the hobby of woman , woman usually choose the business they like only for experience because maybe she is bored at home so she choose a business she like and she will do the business only for her to get activity so she will not be bored at house
Eight is motivation so some women are motivated by the husband like the husband is scared the woman will be bored at the house so the husband will of course motivated his wife to do the a job such as teaching so she can earn money and have experience on rising childrens.
So in my conclusion woman have a lot of factors influencing the type of business they choose like the length of work hours,the distance from her house to the work place/business,the gender discrimination,fringe benefits,their hobby or things they enjoy the most and the motivation she get from parents or husband so this mean woman can be very exact and carefully when choosing their perfect job so they can enjoy feel motivated and happier doing the job or business they are doing.
Soorry late sir my computer the image shower the one for sending is broken soni use ipad and it works
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